≪ View Page

Unterschiede

Hier werden die Unterschiede zwischen zwei Versionen angezeigt.

Link zu dieser Vergleichsansicht

Beide Seiten der vorigen RevisionVorhergehende Überarbeitung
Nächste Überarbeitung		Vorhergehende Überarbeitung
en:grundlagenhandbuch:materialkenngroessen [2026/09/03 11:25] – [General Principle of the DSC-Analysis] paalen:grundlagenhandbuch:materialkenngroessen [2026/09/04 08:25] (aktuell) – [Meaning] paal
Zeile 85: Zeile 85:
 {{ :en:grundlagenhandbuch:materialkenngroessen:reine_polymere:en_sigma150_dlg_grundlagenhandbuch_materialkenngroessen_002.svg?800%nolink |}} {{ :en:grundlagenhandbuch:materialkenngroessen:reine_polymere:en_sigma150_dlg_grundlagenhandbuch_materialkenngroessen_002.svg?800%nolink |}}
  
-A heat flow $\dot{Q}$, drifts from the oven over a sensor (thermal resistor) to the sample pot and to the reference pot, which are usually very similar (equal in dimension and composed of the same material). The heat flow to the reference $\dot{Q}_R$ is caused due to the heat capacity of the pot material and the heat flow losses. This applies to equal pot materials, symmetry of the measuring cell and also to the specimen pot $\dot{Q}_S = \dot{Q}_R$. The specimen substance that is embedded in the specimen pot, causes an additional heat flow $\dot{H}$ (dH/ dt) that can be determined by the difference in heat flows:+A heat flow $\dot{Q}$, drifts from the oven over a sensor (thermal resistor) to the sample pot and to the reference pot, which are usually very similar (equal in dimension and composed of the same material). The heat flow to the reference $\dot{Q}_R$ is caused due to the heat capacity of the pot material and the heat flow losses. This applies to equal pot materials, symmetry of the measuring cell and also to the specimen pot $\dot{Q}_S = \dot{Q}_R$. The sample material enclosed in the specimen pot causes an additional heat flow $\dot{H}$ (dH/ dt) that can be determined by the difference in heat flows:
  
 $$\dot{H} = \dot{Q}_S - \dot{Q}_R = \frac{T_p - T_S}{R_t} - \frac{T_p - T_R}{R_t} = \frac{T_S - T_R}{R_t} = -\frac{\Delta T}{R_t} \tag{6}$$ $$\dot{H} = \dot{Q}_S - \dot{Q}_R = \frac{T_p - T_S}{R_t} - \frac{T_p - T_R}{R_t} = \frac{T_S - T_R}{R_t} = -\frac{\Delta T}{R_t} \tag{6}$$
Zeile 198: Zeile 198:
   * $V_0$= volume of the tank.   * $V_0$= volume of the tank.
  
-The solid densities can be determined according to DIN 53 479. This method (lift method) compares the value of a certain sample mass of air with a fluid medium (here: distillate water $\rho_{H_2O}$=1,000 g/ cm³). The principle is shown in the figure.+The solid densities can be determined according to DIN 53 479. This method (buoyancy method) compares the value of a certain sample mass of air with a fluid medium (here: distillate water $\rho_{H_2O}$=1,000 g/ cm³). The principle is shown in the figure.
  
 {{ :en:grundlagenhandbuch:materialkenngroessen:reine_polymere:en_sigma150_dlg_grundlagenhandbuch_materialkenngroessen_014.svg?800%nolink |}} {{ :en:grundlagenhandbuch:materialkenngroessen:reine_polymere:en_sigma150_dlg_grundlagenhandbuch_materialkenngroessen_014.svg?800%nolink |}}
Zeile 219: Zeile 219:
 {{ :en:grundlagenhandbuch:materialkenngroessen:reine_polymere:en_sigma150_dlg_grundlagenhandbuch_materialkenngroessen_015.svg?700%nolink |}} {{ :en:grundlagenhandbuch:materialkenngroessen:reine_polymere:en_sigma150_dlg_grundlagenhandbuch_materialkenngroessen_015.svg?700%nolink |}}
  
-Another option is to determine the granule diameter $d$ from a total of $n$ samples using the solid density $r$ and the total weight of the samples $m_{total}$. The following applies to the total of $n$ samples:+Another option is to determine the granule diameter $d$ from a total of $n$ samples using the solid density $\rho$ and the total weight of the samples $m_{total}$. The following applies to the total of $n$ samples:
  
 $$V_{ges} = \frac{m_{ges}}{\rho} \tag{15}$$ $$V_{ges} = \frac{m_{ges}}{\rho} \tag{15}$$
Zeile 253: Zeile 253:
 {{ :en:grundlagenhandbuch:en_sigma150_dlg_grundlagenhandbuch_materialkenngroessen_033.svg?nolink&400 |}} {{ :en:grundlagenhandbuch:en_sigma150_dlg_grundlagenhandbuch_materialkenngroessen_033.svg?nolink&400 |}}
  
-The melt flows out mass is determined by the deposition of the liquid strand at predetermined time intervals and weighing. As modified melt index the increased volume flow index MVI / MVR is strongly used indicating the extruded melt volume in 10 minutes. A major advantage of the melt volume flow rate MVR is the simple measurement of the piston travel at a known piston diameter to determine the treat out melt volume. In contrast, for the melt mass-flow rate MFR the detached molten strands have to be weighed and as result it is an additional expense for the handling. For this reason, the measurement of the mass flow rate is only used when the determination of the melt volume in case of problems during the reaction is not workable.+The melt flows out mass is determined by the deposition of the liquid strand at predetermined time intervals and weighing. As modified melt index the increased volume flow index MVI / MVR is strongly used indicating the extruded melt volume in 10 minutes. A major advantage of the melt volume flow rate MVR is the simple measurement of the piston travel at a known piston diameter to determine the extruded melt volume. In contrast, for the melt mass-flow rate MFR the detached molten strands have to be weighed and as result it is an additional expense for the handling. For this reason, the measurement of the mass flow rate is only used when the determination of the melt volume in case of problems during the reaction is not workable.
  
 In order to compare MFI values among themselves, whose value must always be specified in addition to the weight used and the respective test temperature. Specifying MFI 190/2,16 for example, means that the melt index was determined at 190 ° C and a piston mass of 2,16 kg  [[en:grundlagenhandbuch:materialkenngroessen#references|[MHM+05]]]. In order to compare MFI values among themselves, whose value must always be specified in addition to the weight used and the respective test temperature. Specifying MFI 190/2,16 for example, means that the melt index was determined at 190 ° C and a piston mass of 2,16 kg  [[en:grundlagenhandbuch:materialkenngroessen#references|[MHM+05]]].